By Gabrielle Blomson, APA Physiotherapist at Total Physiotherapy

What is it?

Scoliosis is an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. It is most often diagnosed in childhood or early adolescence, where there are growth spurts. It affects 2-4% of adolescents. There are two types of scoliosis: structural and functional. Structural scoliosis is where the spine has a physical curve. Functional scoliosis is when the spine appears to be curved, but the apparent curvature is actually the result of an irregularity elsewhere in the body (different leg lengths, muscle imbalance and posture). Scoliosis can be diagnosed by an X-ray of the spine to calculate the curve angle. If you have already been diagnosed with scoliosis, physiotherapy can help to improve your function, strength and reduce pain. 

Signs and symptoms

·      Shoulders are uneven – one or both shoulder blades may stick out

·      One or both hips are raised or unusually high

·      Rib cages are at different heights

·      Waist is uneven

·      Entire body leans to one side

·      Head is not centred directly above the pelvis

 Management

Management greatly depends on the extent of your curvature ranging from observation, bracing to surgery for more severe curves (you will be guided by GP and orthopaedic specialists). In most cases, there is an important role of exercise to maintain your general strength, mobility and function. From personal experience, Pilates as a form of ongoing management (in conjunction with medical treatment) has been highly effective in improving strength and reducing muscle imbalances. Pilates can greatly assist with increasing spinal range of motion, strengthening muscles to improve posture and reducing any muscular imbalances. For example, scapula winging is common for individuals with scoliosis, which can be reduced by specific strengthening exercises.

Gabrielle is an APA Physiotherapist at Total Physiotherapy. She has a strong interest in the role of Physiotherapy and Pilates in the management of scoliosis. She is available for Physiotherapy consults, Clinical Pilates sessions and also takes small group Pilates classes.